تعیین لایسیمتری تبخیرتعرق و ضریب گیاهی گندم در دشت تبریز و مقایسه آن با روش پیشنهادی فائو 56

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی،

2 کارشناس بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه برای تعیین تبخیرتعرق و ضریب گیاهی گندم رقم الوند در طول فصل رشد در دشت تبریز توسط لایسیمتر زهکش‌دار و مقایسه آن با مقدار برآوردی توسط روش پنمن مانتیث FAO-56 انجام شد. مقدار تبخیرتعرق با اندازه‌گیری عوامل معادله بیلان آبی در طی چهار سال در دوره‌های ده روزه محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که متوسط این کمیت در طول فصل رشد 732 میلی‌متر بوده است که از این مقدار به طور متوسط 132 میلی‌متر توسط بارندگی تأمین می‌گردد و بقیه (600 میلی‌متر) باید توسط آبیاری تأمین شود. تبخیرتعرق اندازه گیری شده تطابق مناسبی (R2 = 0.92, NRMSE = 0.11) با مقدار برآورد شده توسط روش پیشنهادی FAO-56 (721 میلی‌متر) داشت. متوسط تبخیرتعرق مرجع برای طول دوره رشد گندم در یک مطالعه هم‌زمان لایسیمتری 715 میلی‌متر اندازه‌گیری گردید که همخوانی خوبی (R2 = 0.98, NRMSE = 0.08) با مقدار برآورد شده توسط روش پنمن- مانتیث پیشنهادی فائو (743 میلی‌متر) داشت. مقدار ضریب گیاهی متوسط برای کل دوره رشد 02/1 محاسبه شد که به طور متوسط برای اوایل دوره رشد، اواسط دوره و دوره رشد انتهایی به ترتیب 54/0، 22/1 و 39/0 بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of wheat, in Tabriz plain using lysimeter and comparing with FAO-56 approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. Onnabi Milani 1
  • Sh. Mousavimanesh 2
1 Assistant Professor, Soil and Water Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran
2 laboratory staff, Soil and Water Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

A lysimetric study was conducted to determine the evapotranspiration (ETc) and crop coefficient (Kc) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cultivar Alvand) during growing season in Tabriz plain, northwest of Iran. The obtained values were compared to estimations made by FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation. Wheat evapotranspiration was measured in ten days interval using a drained lysimeter. Results indicated that seasonal ETc of wheat is 732 mm, from which an average of 132 mm was supplied by precipitation and the remaining (i.e. 600 mm) by irrigation. Highest and lowest amount of ETc was observed in 2nd decade of June and 2nd decade of December, respectively. The average amount of measured ETc was in good agreement (R2=0.92, NRMSE=0.11) with the estimated value by FAO-56 approach (721 mm). Similarly, the mean measured grass reference evapotranspiration value for the entire wheat growing season was 715 mm, which was statistically consistent with the estimated value (743 mm) obtained by FAO Penman-Monteith method (R2=0.98, NRMSE=0.08). Kc for the initial stage, mid- and late season were 0.54, 1.22 and 0.39, respectively. The Kc values were also in close agreement with those estimated using modified empirical equation of FAO56-PM. in climatic condition of study region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil water balance
  • Penman-Monteith
  • Reference evapotranspiration
  • Wheat
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