This research aimed to determine and prioritize suitable areas for rainfed wheat cultivation in the Arshaq region of Ardabil Province, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS). The required significant climatic and environmental criteria affecting the suitablity of region for rainfed wheat cultivation were identified and analyzed.These criteria included 34 years (1991–2024) of climatic data: rainfall (Annual, germination, tillering, flowering, and grain filling) and mean annual temperature, as well as environmental factors (soil depth, land slope, and elevation) were collected from concrend province authorities and processed in the GIS tool. Using the AHP method, the relative importance weight of each factor was determined through pairwise comparisons.Finally, the suitablity map for rainfed wheat cultivation was generated by integrating the information layers in the GIS environment. The final produced map indicates that the southwestern and southern areas of the Arshaq region possess suitable conditions for rainfed wheat cultivation. Approximately 19 percent of the total area was classified as very suitable, 42 percent as suitable, 22 percent as moderately suitable, and 17 percent as unsuitable. The AHP evaluation of the criteria revealed that tillering stage rainfall (weight 0.216), annual rainfall (weight 0.215), and slope (weight 0.144) are the most signifcant factors for rainfed wheat cultivation in the Arshaq region.The findings of this research will be useful in rainfed lands management, adjusting the cropping calander and pattern for optimum producion.