Weather patterns affect vegetation growth and development dynamics. The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship between the vegetation cover of Sistan and Baluchistan province and the Indian Ocean Dipolar Oscillation (IOD) in different seasons. For this purpose, the NDVI data of MODIS sensor have been used during the period 2001 to 2022. The areas with vegetation cover were selected based on average NDVI values higher than 0.12. Then, according to the NDVI values the sensivity of coverage area with IOD were investigated and three classes including thin,medium and thick were determined . The results indicate that there is not a specific pattern in correlation coefficient values. The highest positive correlation coefficient of vegetation cover and in all three thin, medium and dense classes was observed in the spring season with (r 0.450; p < 0.05) and the lowest correlation is observed in the winter season. Since the positive (rainfall increase) and negative (rainfall decrease) phases of the IOD index have a direct effect on the summer rainfall in the south of the province, it is possible to predict the of vegetation cover status with one or two months delay in the southern region of the province using the IOD values