سخن سردبیر
عنوان مقاله English
نویسنده English
Climate change, with its increasing rapid pace and under current international policies, seems unstoppable, devastatingly breaking through the agreed-upon boundaries and advancing further. The year 2024 was declared the hottest year in the history of meteorological records, surpassing the agreed threshold of a 1.5°C increase in global average temperature. Unfortunately, in the southern and eastern regions of Iran, the average temperature in the summer of 2024 was 2.5 to 5 degrees Celsius above the long-term normal. Global conferences on climate change, coupled with the disparity in economic and development policies among developed, oil-rich, and developing nations, have played a prominent role in crossing the 1.5°C threshold. The hosting of COP28 and COP29 summits in two of our oil-rich neighboring countries, Dubai and Azerbaijan, was somewhat a brake on the environmentalist aspirations of those seeking to prevent climate change. However, what is inferred from the macro-policies of the world's major capitalists is that, up to the point of irreversible climate change, it is money that will determine the future trajectory, not the collective will. In this competitive arena, it is the low-income countries in the Earth's high-pressure belt that will be the primary losers. Unfortunately, Iran is also located within this latitude range. The member countries of the Paris Agreement “speaking with both sides of their moths”, limping along with their native policies and under pressure of progressive forces, are striving to preserve the framework of this agreement. However, Iran, as the eighth largest greenhouse gas emitter, effectively does not implement the provisions of the agreement due to economic sanctions, and Trump's America, as the second-largest greenhouse gas emitter, has withdrawn from this global pact. With this outlook and increasing average temperature in Iran, significant reduction in rainfall, decline in groundwater level, land subsidence, and desertification of subsided areas, a worrying future is projected for some regions of the country. Therefore, it is imperative to guide the country's macro policies towards climate change preparedness, adaptation, and resilience. The ND-GAIN index for Iran in 2021 was 78, placing it as the 125th most vulnerable country and the 102nd most prepared country for adaptation. These two indices indicate that Iran faces challenges in adapting to climate change, although with adaptation and resilience, it is possible to overcome them. To build resilience against the impacts of climate change, Iran has a long-standing tradition and knowledge in water resource management, community-based adaptation, and regional cooperation. However, it also faces difficulties such as economic sanctions, political barriers, and limited financial resources. Therefore, it is recommended to steer towards adaptation, resilience, and increased productivity in agricultural meteorological researches.
کلیدواژهها English