Aleshina, M.A., Semenov, V.A., Chernokulsky, A.V. 2021. A link between surface air temperature and extreme precipitation over Russia from station and reanalysis data. Environmental Research Letters, 16(10), 105004.##Allahverdipour, P., Sattari, M.T. 2023. Comparing the performance of the multiple linear regression classic method and modern data mining methods in annual rainfall modeling (Case study: Ahvaz city). Water and Soil Management and Modelling, 3(2), 125–142. (In Farsi)##Allahverdipour, P., Dinpashoh, Y. (in press). Modeling the rainfall–runoff of Ajichai basin using intelligent models. Watershed Engineering and Management, in press. (In Farsi)##Allahverdipour, P., Ghorbani, M.A., Asadi, E. 2024. Evaluating the effects of climate change on the climatic classification in Iran. Water and Soil Management and Modeling, 4(3), 95–112. (In Farsi)##Avila–Diaz, A., Abrahão, G., Justino, F., Torres, R., Wilson, A. 2020. Extreme climate indices in Brazil, evaluation of downscaled earth system models at high horizontal resolution. Climate Dynamics, 54(11), 5065–5088.##Dinpashoh, Y., Allahverdipour, P. (in press). Monitoring and predicting the changes in reference crop evapotranspiration of Moghan plain according to CMIP6 of IPCC. Environment and Water Engineering, in press. (In Farsi)##Dinpashoh, Y., Babamiri, O. 2020. Trends in reference crop evapotranspiration in Urmia Lake basin. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 13, 1–16.##Dinpashoh, Y., Sedighpour, R. 2019. Trends analysis of five important daily rainfall characteristics at Urmia Lake basin. Iranian Water Researches Journal, 13(4), 63–72. (In Farsi).##Ebrahimi, N., Zarrin, A., Mofidi, A., Dadashi–Roudbari, A.A. 2023. Projected precipitation extremes in Lake Urmia basin under climate change. Journal of Water and Soil, 37(5), 769–785. (In Farsi)##Esgandari, R., Esmali Ouri, A., Mostafazadeh, R., Choobeh, S. 2024. Assessment of temporal and spatial variations of precipition climate extreme indexes in the central part of Ardabil province. Journal of Environmental Science Studies, 9(1), 8119-8133. (In Farsi)##Ghahroudi Tali, M. 2005. Geographic Information System in a 3D GIS environment. Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Alborz Branch, 298p. (In Farsi)##Halabian, A. H., Keikhosravi Kiany, M. S. 2020. Evaluation of Variations in Extreme Precipitation Indices in Iran. Spatial Planning, 10(4), 24-45. (In Farsi)##Hamed, K.H., Rao, A.R. 1998. A modified Mann–Kendall trend test for autocorrelated data. Journal of hydrology, 204(1–4), 182–196.##Hamitouche, Y., Zeroual, A., Meddi, M., Assani, A.A., Alkama, R., Şen, Z., Zhang, X. 2024. Projected changes in extreme precipitation patterns across Algerian sub-regions. Water, 16(10), 1353.##Hejazizadeh, Z., Zarei, S. 2023. Investigation of changes of temperature and rainfall indicators in Kurdistan province based on radiation injection scenarios (RCP). Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 23(69), 1–14. (In Farsi).##IPCC. 2013. Climate change 2013, the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 1535 pp.##Jahanbaksh Asl, S., Khorshiddoust, A.M., Dinpashoh, Y., Sarafrouzeh, F. 2013. Frequency analysis of climate extreme events in Zanjan, Iran. Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment, 27, 1637–1650.##Kalita, R., Kalita, D., Saxena, A. 2023. Trends in extreme climate indices in Cherrapunji for the period 1979 to 2020. Journal of Earth System Science, 132(2), 74.##Karl, T.R., Nicholls, N., Ghazi, A. 1999. CLIVAR/GCOS/WMO Workshop on Indices and Indicators for Climate Extremes Workshop Summary. Weather and Climate Extremes. Springer, Dordrecht.##Kendall, M.G. 1948. Rank correlation methods. London, Charles Griffin.##Khalili, K., Tahoudi, M.N., Mirabbasi, R., Ahmadi, F. 2016. Investigation of spatial and temporal variability of precipitation in Iran over the last half century. Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment, 30, 1205–1221. (In Farsi)##Khorshiddoust, A.M., Rasouli, A.A., Zangeneh, S. 2018. Modeling of trends of temperature and precipitation extreme indices in Urmia Lake basin. Journal of Natural Environmental Hazards, 7(16), 175–194. (In Farsi)##Kouzegaran, S., Mousavi Baygi, M., Babaeian, I. 2021. Temperature extreme indices projection based on RCP scenarios in northeast of Iran. Water and Soil, 34(6), 1351–1366. (In Farsi)##Liu, C., Li, Y., Ji, X., Luo, X., Zhu, M. 2019. Observed changes in temperature and precipitation extremes over the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin during 1970–2017. Atmosphere, 10(12), 815.##Mann, H.B. 1945. Nonparametric tests against trend. Econometrica, 13(3), 245–259.##Mohammadi, M., Allahverdipour, P. 2024. Uncertainty analysis of artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) models in predicting Monthly River flow (Case study: Ghezelozan river). Water and Soil Management and Modelling, 4(2), 311–326. (In Farsi)##Nazeri Tahrudi, M., Ahmadi, F., Khalili, K. 2017. Evaluation the trend and trend chang point of Urmia Lake basin precipitation. Water and Soil, 31(2), 644–659. (In Farsi)##Norooz–valashedi, R., Bararkhanpour Ahmadi, S., Bahrami–Pichaghchi, H., Mazloom Babanari, S., Vatanparast, F., Esfandiar, F. 2024. Investigation of precipitation-based indices in the Mazandaran region under climate scenarios of the sixth report. J Watershed Manage Res. 15(1), 131–146. (In Farsi)##Peterson, T., Folland, C., Gruza, G., Hogg, W., Mokssit, A., Plummer, N. 2001. Report on the activities of the working group on climate change detection and related rapporteurs. Geneva, World Meteorological Organization.##Sadeqi, A., Tabari, H., Dinpashoh, Y. 2022. Spatio–temporal analysis of heating and cooling degree-days over Iran. Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 36, 869–891.##Sattari, M.T., Bagheri, R., Shirirni, K., Allahverdipour, P. 2024. Modeling daily and monthly rainfall in Tabriz using ensemble learning models and decision tree regression. Climate Change Research, 5(18), 31–48. (In Farsi)##Sen, P.K. 1968. Estimates of the regression coefficient based on Kendall's tau. Journal of the American statistical association, 63(324), 1379–1389.##Shokri, B. 2016. Understanding the evolution of precipitation and temperature indices in Ardabil province during recent decades, Ph. D Thesis, University of Mohagheg Ardabili. (In Farsi)##Sun, Q., Zhang, X., Zwiers, F., Westra, S., Alexander, L.V. 2021. A global, continental, and regional analysis of changes in extreme precipitation. Journal of Climate, 34(1), 243–258.##Tefera, G.W., Ray, R.L., Wootten, A.M. 2024. Evaluation of statistical downscaling techniques and projection of climate extremes in central Texas, USA. Weather and Climate Extremes, 43, 100637.##Wei, L., Xin, X., Li, Q., Wu, Y., Tang, H., Li, Y., Yang, B. 2023. Simulation and projection of climate extremes in China by multiple coupled model intercomparison project phase 6 models. International Journal of Climatology, 43(1), 219–239.##Zand, M., Miri, M., Kousari, M. 2023. Detection of climate change in Lorestan province using climate extreme indices. Watershed Engineering and Management, 15(1), 27–41. (In Farsi)##Zarrin, A., Dadashi–Roudbari, A. 2022. Spatiotemporal variability, trend, and change-point of precipitation extremes and their contribution to the total precipitation in Iran. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 179(8), 2923–2944.##Zeinali, B., Khojasteh Gholami, V. 2019. Studying the trend of changes in temperature extremes, average temperature, and precipitation during
different seasons in Ardabil. International Conference on Climate Change, Consequences, Adaptation and Adjustment, Tehran, Iran. (In Farsi)##Zhang, X., Yang, F. 2004. RClimDex (1.0) user manual. Climate Research Branch Environment Canada, 22, 13–14.##Zhu, R., Wu, X., Zhang, W., He, J., Qin, Y., Li, Z., Shen, Y. 2024. Seasonally extreme temperature events accelerate in arid northwestern China during 1979–2018. Atmospheric Research, 300, 107230##