هواشناسی کشاورزی

هواشناسی کشاورزی

ارزیابی پاسخ فیزیولوژیکی و پارامترهای رشد سویا به تأثیر ترکیبی تنش خشکی و مدیریت آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار هواشناسی کشاورزی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
2 استاد آبیاری و زهکشی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
3 دکتری اصلاح نباتات، گرایش ژنتیک مولکولی و مهندسی ژنتیک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیست فناوری کشاورزی طبرستان
10.22125/agmj.2024.456389.1168
چکیده
چالش کم­آبی و بروز تنش خشکی، لزوم ارزیابی تأثیر توام تنش خشکی و مدیریت آبیاری بر ثبات تولید محصولات راهبردی را بسیار حائز اهمیت ساخته است. در این پژوهش، مطالعه‌ای میدانی بصورت کرت خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی، در سه تکرار در طول سال زراعی 1403-1402، در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل عامل اصلی تنش خشکی در سه سطح (بدون تنش (FC100)، تنش خشکی متوسط (FC75) و تنش خشکی شدید (FC50)) و عامل فرعی منبع آبیاری در دو سطح )پساب شهری و آب چاه) در نظر گرفته شد. بر پایه یافته­ها، تأثیر بروز تنش خشکی بر صفات مورفولوژیکی، عملکرد و اجزای سویا بسیار معنی­دار بود. به­طوری که در شرایط بدون تنش، برتری محسوسی بر شرایط تنش متوسط FC75 و تنش شدید FC50 نشان داد. همچنین آبیاری با پساب شهری نسبت به آب چاه، باعث بهبود صفات مورفولوژیکی، تعداد غلاف با دو دانه، وزن صد دانه و عملکرد دانه شد و تا حدی اثرات نامطلوب تنش خشکی را جبران نمود. بر اساس نتایج، محتوای MDA، بیشترین میزان پرولین و آنزیم­های CAT و POD در شرایط تنش شدید خشکی FC50 مشاهده شد. به­طوریکه در مقایسه با شرایط تنش متوسط FC50 و بدون تنش، افزایش معنی‌داری را نشان داد. با توجه به امکان بروز تنش خشکی در طول فصل رشد سویا، راهکار کاربردی و امکان­پذیر مدیریت آبیاری با پساب شهری (با رعایت معیارهای کیفی و بهداشتی) می­تواند جهت تعدیل اثرات منفی تنش خشکی توصیه شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of physiological response and growth parameters of Soybean to combined effects of drought stress and irrigation management

نویسندگان English

saeid Shiukhy Sughanlu 1
Mohammad Ali Gholami Sefidkouhi 2
mehdi aref rad 3
1 Assistant Professor of Agro-Meteorology, Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mazandaran, Iran
2 Professor of Water and Drainage, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Mazandaran, Iran
3 Ph. D. in Plant Breeding and Genetic Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Recourses University, Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari, Iran
چکیده English

The challenge of water scarcity, the lack of water resources and the subsequent occurrence of drought stress, has made it very important to evaluate the combined effect of drought stress and irrigation management on the sustainability of strategic crops. An experiment with split-plot randomized complete block design in three replications was carried out during the growth season 2023-2024, in the research farm of Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (SANRU), Sari, Iran. Treatments include; the main factor of drought stress was considered in three levels (non-stress (FC100), moderate drought stress (FC75) and severe drought stress (FC50)) and the secondary factor of irrigation source was considered in two levels (urban wastewater (UWW) and well water (WW)). Based on the findings, the effect of drought stress on the morphological characteristics, yield and components of soybean was significant. Therefore, the control (non-stress) treatment showed an obvious superiority over the two other applied stress treatments. In addition, irrigation with urban wastewater compared to well water improved the morphological characteristics, the number of pods with 2-seeds, 100-seed weight, and the seed yield and partially compensated the adverse effects of drought stress. Based on the results, highest content of MDA, Proline, CAT and POD enzymes was observed in FC50 or severe water stress conditions, with a significant increase comparing to FC75 and non-stress treatments. Considering the possible occurrence of drought stress during the soybean growth season, the practical and feasible option of urban wastewater application as a source of irrigation (observing essential quality criteria) can be recommended to alleviate the water stress effects.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Antioxidant enzymes
Morphological characteristic
Pod number
Urban wastewater
Water stress
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