Influence of rice straw management on methane and carbon dioxide greenhouse gases emissions during the second rice cropping (Case study: Sari, Iran)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 M.Sc. Graduate of Agrometeorology, Department of Water Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran.

2 Professor of Agrometeorology, Department of Water Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran.

3 Instructor of Agrometeorology, Department of Water Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Iran.

Abstract

Global warming is leading to gradual and tremendous climate change following the increase in greenhouse gases. Methane gas can be produced in anaerobic processes in soil, such as paddy fields. Therefore, in the agricultural sector, waterlogged rice cultivation is one of the main sources of this methane gas emissions. On the other hand, straw burning brings a huge amount of pollutants to the atmospher. In this regard, a study with four experimental treatments was conducted: (a) without straw (control), (b) rice straws incorporated into the soil,  (c) burned rice straws left in the field, and finally (d) burned air-dried rice straws left from first cropping harvest. The experiment was carried out on the experimental field of Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. Methane gas sampling was performed at 10- day intervals and carbon dioxide gas sampling was performed one day after straw burning and then in three stages in the second cropping season. Finally, in order to compare the treatments in terms of methane and carbon dioxide emissions, the carbon dioxide equivalent of methane gas was calculated.The findings showed that the highest methane emission was from rice straws incorporated into the soil (6.75 mg/m2.day) and the lowest emissions were from the control treatment (2.97 mg/m2.day) ) and burned rice straws air-dried after harvest (2.62 mg/m2.day). Also, the results of carbon dioxide emissions during the second cropping season showed that the highest amount was from burned rice straws left in the field treatments (133.93 mg/m2.day) and the lowest amount was observed from burned rice straws air-dried after harvest (67.08 mg/m2.day). Finally the results of the total greenhouse gas emissions measured in the whole period showed that wet and dry straws burned treatments could have the potential to increase global warming almost 8 times more than the control treatment.

Keywords

References

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