ارزیابی اثر تغییر اقلیم بر دما و بارش فصل رشد گندم دیم در استان کردستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانش‌آموخته دکتری هواشناسی کشاورزی، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

گرمایش جهانی الگوی دما و بارش را دستخوش تغییر کرده و بر تولید محصولات زراعی از جمله گندم دیم اثر گذار خواهد بود. در این پژوهش با روش‌های تحلیل همبستگی و تحلیل کای‌اسکور تکرار‌شونده، ارتباط عملکرد گندم دیم در منطقه کردستان (در ایستگاه‌های سقز، سنندج، بیجار و زرینه اوباتو) با متغیرهای دمایی و بارش تعیین و سپس چشم‌انداز عملکرد تحت یک سناریوهای واداشت تابشی ارزیابی گردید. به این منظور خروجی روزانه هفت مدل انتخابی CMIP5 تحت سناریوی RCP8.5 برای دوره زمانی 2045 الی 2065  اخذ و با روش خطای نگاشت هم فاصله تابع توزیع تجمعی (EDCDFm) تصحیح شدند. نتایج نشان داد، بارش در اوایل کاشت و طی مرحله گل‌دهی، و دمای حداکثر پیش از شروع دوره رکود زمستانه گیاه و طی مرحله گل‌دهی، و همچنین دمای حداقل ماه‌های ژانویه و فوریه تأثیرگذارترین عوامل بر عملکرد محصول هستند. پیش‌نگری‌ها نشان داد افزایش دمای بیشینه در ماه‌های نوامبر، دسامبر، آوریل و مه، موجب کاهش محصول خواهد شد، در حالیکه با افزایش دمای بیشینه و کمینه ماه‌های ژانویه و فوریه شرایط برای تولید مطلوب تر خواهد بود. پیش‌نگری تغییرات بارش نشان داد با کاهش بارش ماه‌های آوریل و مه، شرایط رطوبتی جهت تولید نامناسب است، در حالیکه افزایش بارش ماه نوامبر می­تواند شرایط رطوبتی در اوایل کاشت، و در نتیجه میزان عملکرد محصول را بهبود دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the impact of climate change on temperature and precipitation of rainfed wheat production in Kurdistan province

نویسنده [English]

  • Mojtaba Shokouhi
Ph.D. graduate of Agricultural Meteorology, Department of Water Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]

Global warming has changed the pattern of temperature and precipitation distribution and will affect the production of crops such as rainfed wheat. In current study, by using correlation analysis and Iterative Chi-square analysis the wheat yield’s relationship with temperature and precipitation variables (in Saqez, Sanandaj, Bijar, and Zarrine obato Stations) was determined, and used to project the crop yield under climate change scenarios. The daily outputs of seven selected CMIP5 models under RCP8.5 scenario for the period 2045 to 2065 were used and corrected by Equidistant Cumulative Distribution Function matching (EDCDFm) method. The results showed that precipitation at the time of planting and during the flowering stage, the maximum temperature just before winter dormancy stage and during the flowering, the minimum temperature of January and February months are the most significant factors affecting the crop yield. The projected climatic conditions showed that the maximum temperature rise in November, December, April, and May will be unfavorable for crop production. Increased both maximum and minimum temperatures of months of January and February may provide more favorable conditions. Also, the projection of precipitation indicated that decreased rainfall of April and May, would lead to unfavorable moisture conditions. Unlike, increased precipitation in November could improve the moisture conditions at the time of sowing which favors greater yield.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biase correction
  • CMIP5 Models
  • EDCDFm
  • Scenario
  • Wheat
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